There are two common types of fire extinguishers: powder fire extinguishers and CO2 gas extinguishers. Depending on the needs and purposes of use, we can choose an appropriate product to ensure the safety of life and property when a fire or explosion occurs.
How to use CO2 gas cylinders
CO2 gas cylinders are portable fire extinguishers that contain CO2-790C gas compressed at high pressure, used to extinguish new small fires arising: Solid and liquid fires and highly effective for electrical equipment fires, fires in closed rooms, basement chambers.
How to use and principles fire fighting
According to the instructions of the University of Fire Prevention and Fighting, when a fire occurs, carry a CO2 tank and approach the fire with one hand holding the spray speaker and pointing it at least 05m from the fire source while the other hand opens the valve lock. jar. When the tank valve is opened, due to the difference in pressure, the liquid CO2 in the tank escapes through the diving tube system and the nozzle, turning into snow-like carbon dioxide cold to -790C.
When sprayed on a fire, CO2 has the effect of Used to dilute the concentration of flammable gas mixture while cooling the fire area, leading to fire suppression. When spraying, you must turn it off completely before stopping spraying.
When extinguishing liquid fires, you must spray to cover the burning surface and avoid spraying down into the liquid. When spraying, depending on each fire, choose the appropriate spraying distance.
Do not use the tank to extinguish outdoor fires. If used when spraying, choose a direction facing the wind and avoid cold burns. Only hold the rubber part on the nozzle and spray speaker.
Before spraying in a closed room, tell everyone to leave the room and plan an exit after spraying.
Be careful not to use CO2 cylinders to extinguish fires containing alkaline metals, alkaline earth, coke, nitrogen fertilizers. Because when spraying CO2 gas into a fire, a chemical reaction will occur, which will create CO gas, which is both toxic and explosive, making the fire more complicated.
< p>When spraying, you must hold the plastic part of the spray speaker, avoid holding the metal part and especially do not let the CO2 gas sprayed on you as it will cause cold burns. CO2 gas cylinders should not be used to fight fires in open places with strong winds because of low effectiveness.
When fighting fires with high-voltage electrical equipment, you must wear insulating boots and gloves; When fighting a fire in a closed room, there must be measures to ensure human safety.
Place the extinguisher in a cool, easily accessible, and convenient place to use. Do not leave the tank in a place with a temperature higher than 550 degrees Celsius because it can easily cause an increase in pressure, leading to the tank exploding if the safety valve does not work.
Regularly check, maintain, and replace if damage is found. Parts of the tank: Nozzle, nozzle, lock valve. Replace cylinders with air leaks. Method to check the amount of CO2 in the tank: The popular method is the weighing method. If you see a decrease in the amount of CO2 compared to the original amount of CO2, the tank has an air leak.
How to use fire extinguishers
Powder fire extinguishers are fire extinguishers The inside contains N2 gas as a thrust to spray powder to extinguish the fire. Depending on each type of fire extinguisher, it can extinguish solid, liquid, gas, electrical fires and newly arising electrical equipment fires.
Non-toxic, non-conductive fire extinguishing powder is highly effective; Simple operation to use the tank, easy to check, used to extinguish small fires that arise.
The letters ABC on the extinguisher represent the fire extinguisher’s ability to extinguish different fires. Specifically:
A: Cure solid fires such as: wood, cotton, fabric, fiber…
B: Cure liquid fires such as: gasoline, alcohol, alcohol…
C : Extinguishing gas fires such as: gas (liquefied petroleum gas)…
The numbers 248 represent the weight of powder loaded in the tank in kilograms.
Example : The fire extinguisher with the symbol MFZ8 on the tank labeled ABC is a fire extinguisher that can be used to extinguish most solid, liquid, and flammable gas fires…
How to use
* For portable type: When a fire occurs, carry the extinguisher close to the fire location. Shake the tank 3-4 times to loosen the powder, pull the lead clamp stop, choose the wind direction to direct the spray speaker to the base of the fire.
Hold the tank at a distance of 15m depending on the type of tank, squeeze the tank valve so that the fire extinguishing powder sprays out when the gas If weak, move closer and move the spray speaker back and forth to completely extinguish the fire.
* For carts:
Push the cart to the fire area and pull the roller nozzle. Polyscias fruticosa powder is sprayed at the base of the fire. Pull the safety latch (lead clip) and pull the main valve on the tank mouth perpendicular to the ground. Hold the spray nozzle tightly, choose the wind direction and squeeze the trigger, the powder will be sprayed.
When opening the valve (depending on the type of tank with different valve structure, the opening method is different) the dry powder in the tank is sprayed. out thanks to the force of compressed air (compressed directly with powder or in a separate bottle) through the pipeline system. When sprayed on a fire, the powder has the effect of inhibiting the fire reaction and isolating the flammable substance from air oxygen. On the other hand, it prevents flammable gas vapor from entering the fire area, leading to the fire being extinguished.
Note :
Read the instructions carefully to understand the functional features of each type of bottle to arrange the bottle accordingly. When spraying, you must stand in the direction of the wind (external fire); stand near the door (inside fire). When spraying, you must turn it off completely before stopping spraying.
When extinguishing liquid fires, you must spray fire extinguishing agent to cover the burning surface and avoid spraying directly onto the liquid to prevent it from splashing out to make the fire bigger. When spraying, depending on each fire and the amount of propellant remaining in the tank, choose the appropriate spray position and distance. When spraying, keep the extinguisher in an upright position.
Used fire extinguishers need to be kept separate to avoid confusion.
Need to be kept in a visible place for easy access for firefighting . Place in a dry, ventilated place, avoid places with strong sunlight and heat radiation, the highest temperature is 500C.
If kept outside, there must be a roof. When moving, you need to be gentle. Avoid direct contact with high temperature vibrating equipment.
Must regularly check the tank according to the manufacturer’s regulations or at least every 3 months. If the needle is below the red line, the gas must be refilled. Check the propellant gas through a manometer or scale and compare it with the original mass.
Check the powder mass by weighing for comparison. Regularly check, maintain, and replace if found damaged parts of the tank: Spray speaker, nozzle, lock valve. Replace cylinders with air leaks.
