On November 10, Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism issued Decision 3433/QD-BVHTTDL on promulgating the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List.
In which, folk knowledge and arts The costume making art of the Black Mong people in Sa Pa town has been included in the Heritage List national intangible culture.
The Mong people in Sapa town of Lao Cai province account for more than 53% of the town’s population with many Hmong sectors such as Black Hmong White Hmong Flower Hmong Crab Hmong… Different from the costumes of other Hmong groups, the costumes of the Black Hmong people in Sa Pa are not beautiful because of the brilliance of color but from the sophistication in creating patterns. and health in design.
The costumes of the Black Mong people in Sa Pa are completely handmade from natural materials Close to everyday life such as: The fabric is made from linen fibers dyed with natural melaleuca colors and polished with beeswax…
Because it is handmade, perfecting an outfit takes a lot of time Stage: from growing flax, spinning yarn, weaving, creating dyed patterns, cutting and sewing… The intricate details in creating patterns with beeswax or embossed patterns after the fabric is dyed require skillful hands.
In the past, a Black Hmong family could only make 1-2 sets of media outfits per year. Now, with the support of machines, this process can be shortened.
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Each outfit is always meticulously embroidered with many motifs on the shoulders and arms. The 3-piece shirt has a split chest, so black Hmong people often wear bibs inside. The collar is embroidered with patterns and has 1-2 white silver coins attached to both sides of the neck. The patterns of the shirt and bib are in harmony with each other, creating a special highlight that emphasizes the delicate gentleness of a woman. In addition to the main outfit, underneath the two pants or skirt are two black sheets (leggings) wrapped layer by layer around the calves.
Men’s costumes are much simpler than those of men. women. The front of the shirt is sewn in the middle between the two styles of armpit and chest slit. Even though it has two flaps in the front, the buttons are slightly tilted to the right chest near the door and also covered with a piece of colored fabric embroidered with decorative patterns.
Black Hmong woman wraps her hair in a bun around her head and covers herself with a scarf. blue, while men only wear a small, simple black hat. Boys’ hats are also sewn with colored fabric strips or dangling coins at the top to make them easier to distinguish.
The traditional black Hmong costume represents more value than just one set. outfit to wear. First of all, the costumes reflect the relationship of the Mong people with their surrounding environment.
Black Hmong costumes are designed to keep warm in the winter and cool in the summer to protect from the sun and rain. animals insects trees forest thorns forest. Besides, the costumes also reflect the Mong people’s manual technical thinking based on the skills of weaving fabrics or designing costume patterns.
Today, the black Mong people in Sa Pa still keep the habit of making and using traditional costumes of the nation. This is a unique feature and forms a local tourism product. Tourists, especially foreign tourists, are excited to experience the process of weaving and embroidery… to create a traditional costume.
Recognition of Folk Art Knowledge The costume making art of the Black Mong people in Sa Pa town is a national intangible cultural heritage that will create an opportunity for the Mong ethnic community here to more respectfully preserve the nation’s long-standing traditions. At the same time, actively promote cultural values into unique products serving the local smokeless industry.
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